A Recipe for Revolution :: miscellaneous

A Recipe for Revolution Today’s world subjects an individual to many different socio-religious-political influences. Out of those individuals come idealized leaders reinforcing their influences. In the increasing complexity of such memes and their interactions clarity and an understanding of evolutionary paths that is favored by nature-one that results in better survival- has become paramount. An assumption can boldly be made that violent or non violent constituents in the practice of such ideals eventually determine the desirable outcome namely the survival and success in the pursuit. As such one begins to wonder what has happened to non-violence of Gandhian heritage. It seems a dead and irrevocable concept in the turbulent waters of today. If one said its no longer applicable, its not without ground. Let us see how an opposition to Gandhian nonviolence can be mounted. It could have only worked against British A finer point is the fact that any means of non-violence protest is sustainable provided the opposition has a moral value not to cross a certain line. Has it been the case where British practiced shoot or execute anybody who may protest by any means, then Gandhi would have been shot lot earlier, perhaps in the train in South Africa, and there would have been no mahatma or success of non violence. Take Hitler for example. Let alone resisting, even if you try to cooperate with German for the demise of Jews, as a Jew you can be sure you will be shot. Where do you put non-violence against such a tyranny? There is no current conflict scenario where non-violence can be applied It won’t be exaggeration to state that â€Å"almost all the current conflict in the world has an armed oppression against unarmed public.† The statement can be substantiated by following two different points. In the most direct sense it means an authority’s aggression towards specific category of people using the unitary powers they hold which eventually fuel and give birth to an armed opposition or say a revolution. Most importantly on the second sense in any such conflicts, revolution or terrorism, just or unjust, it is the innocent people who are victimized the most. It is in this context we must identify the current conflict scenarios as a new era-new era of violence. What is clear is the fact that the nature of the conflicts in the world has significantly shifted. Not long ago, it used to be fighting a foreigner-imperialist for the independence of native land.

Zoe’s Tale PART II Chapter Thirteen

Two weeks after we landed on Roanoke, Magdy, Enzo, Gretchen and I went for a walk. â€Å"Watch where you land,† Magdy told us. â€Å"There are some big rocks down here.† â€Å"Great,† Gretchen said. She shined her pocket light – acceptable technology, no computer equipment in it, just an old-fashioned LED – at the ground, looking for a place to land, and then hopped down from the edge of the container wall, aiming for her preferred spot. Enzo and I heard the oof as she landed, and then a bit of cursing. â€Å"I told you to watch where you landed,† Magdy said, shining his light on her. â€Å"Shut it, Magdy,† she said. â€Å"We shouldn't even be out here. You're going to get us all in trouble.† â€Å"Yeah, well,† Magdy said. â€Å"Your words would have more moral authority if you weren't actually out here with me.† He flicked his light up off of Gretchen and toward me and Enzo, still up on the container wall. â€Å"You two planning to join us?† â€Å"Will you please stop with the light?† Enzo said. â€Å"The patrol is going to see it.† â€Å"The patrol is on the other side of the container wall,† Magdy said. â€Å"Although if you don't hurry it up, that's not going to be the case for long. So move it.† He flicked the light back and forth quickly in Enzo's face, making an annoying strobe effect. Enzo sighed and slid down off the container wall; I heard the muffled thump a second later. Which left me, feeling suddenly very exposed on the top of the containers that were the defensive perimeter around our little village – and also the frontier beyond which we were not allowed to go at night. â€Å"Come on,† Enzo whispered up to me. He, at least, remembered we weren't supposed to be out and modulated his voice accordingly. â€Å"Jump down. I'll catch you.† â€Å"Are you dumb?† I asked, also in a whispery voice. â€Å"You'll end up with my shoes in your eye sockets.† â€Å"It was a joke,† Enzo said. â€Å"Fine,† I said. â€Å"Don't catch me.† â€Å"Jeez, Zoe,† Magdy said, in a definite nonwhisper. â€Å"Will you jump already?† I hopped off the container wall, down the three meters or so from the top, and tumbled a little when I landed. Enzo flicked his light on me, and offered me a hand up. I took it and squinted up at him as he pulled me up. Then I flicked my own light over to where Magdy was. â€Å"Jerk,† I told him. Magdy shrugged. â€Å"Come on,† he said, and started along the perimeter of the wall toward our destination. A few minutes later we were all flashing our lights into a hole. â€Å"Wow,† Gretchen said. â€Å"We've just broken curfew and risked being accidentally shot by the night guard for this. A hole in the ground. I'm picking our next field trip, Magdy.† Magdy snorted and knelt down into the hole. â€Å"If you actually paid attention to anything, you'd know that this hole has the council in a panic,† Magdy said. â€Å"Something dug this out the other night while the patrol wasn't watching. Something was trying to get in to the colony from out here.† He took his light and moved it up the nearest container until he spotted something. â€Å"Look. There are scratches on the container. Something tried to go over the top, and then when it couldn't it tried to go under.† â€Å"So what you're saying is that we're out here now with a bunch of predators,† I said. â€Å"It doesn't have to be a predator,† Magdy said. â€Å"Maybe it's just something that likes to dig.† I flicked my light back up to the claw marks. â€Å"Yeah, that's a reasonable theory.† â€Å"We couldn't have seen this during the day?† Gretchen asked. â€Å"When we could see the things that can leap out and eat us?† Magdy motioned his light over to me. â€Å"Her mom had her security people around it all day long. They weren't letting anybody else near it. Besides, whatever made this hole is long gone now.† â€Å"I'll remind you that you said that when something tears out your throat,† Gretchen said. â€Å"Relax,† Magdy said. â€Å"I'm prepared. And anyway, this hole is just the opening act. My dad is friends with some of the security folks. One of them told him that just before they closed everything up for the night, they saw a herd of those fanties over in the woods. I say we go look.† â€Å"We should get back,† Enzo said. â€Å"We shouldn't even be out here, Magdy. If they find us out there, we're all going to catch hell. We can see the fanties tomorrow. When the sun is up, and we can actually see them.† â€Å"Tomorrow they'll be awake and foraging,† Magdy said. â€Å"And there's no way we're going to be able to do anything other than look at them through binoculars.† Magdy pointed at me again. â€Å"Let me remind you that her parents have kept us cooped up for two weeks now, waiting to find out if anything might bruise us on this planet.† â€Å"Or kill us,† I said. â€Å"Which would be a problem.† Magdy waved this away. â€Å"My point is that if we actually want to see these things – actually get close enough to them that we can get a good look at them – we have to do it now. They're asleep, no one knows we're gone, and we'll be back before anyone misses us.† â€Å"I still think we should go back,† Enzo said. â€Å"Enzo, I know this is taking away from valuable make-out time with your girlfriend,† Magdy said, â€Å"but I thought you might want to explore something other than Zoe's tonsils for once.† Magdy was very lucky he wasn't in arm's reach when he made that comment. Either my arm or Enzo's. â€Å"You're being an ass again, Magdy,† Gretchen said. â€Å"Fine,† Magdy said. â€Å"You guys go back. I'll see you later. I'm going to see me some fanties.† He started toward the woods, waving his pocket light in the grass (or grasslike ground cover) as he walked. I shined my light over to Gretchen. She rolled her eyes in exasperation and started walking after Magdy. After a minute Enzo and I followed. Take an elephant. Make it just a little smaller. Lose the ears. Make its trunk shorter and tentaclly at the end. Stretch out its legs until it almost but not quite seems impossible that they could support the weight. Give it four eyes. And then do other assorted weird things to its body until it's not that it looks like an elephant, it's just that it looks more like an elephant than it looks like anything else you can think of. That's a fantie. In the two weeks we'd been trapped in the colony village, waiting for the â€Å"all clear† to actually begin colonization, the fanties had been spotted several times, either in the woods near the village or just barely in the clearing between the village and the woods. A fantie spotting would bring up a mad rush of children to the colony gate (a gap in the container wall, closed up at night) to look and gawk and wave to the creatures. It would also bring a somewhat more studiously casual wave of us teenagers, because we wanted to see them too, we just didn't want to seem too interested, since that would mess with our credibility with all our new friends. Certainly Magdy never gave any indication of actually caring about the fanties at all. He'd allow himself to be dragged to the gate by Gretchen when a herd passed by, but then he spent most of his time talking to the other guys who were also happy to make it look like they had gotten dragged to the gate. Just goes to show, I suppose. Even the self-consciously cool had a streak of kid in them. There was some argument as to whether the fanties we saw were a local group that lived in the area, or whether we'd seen a number of herds that were just migrating through. I had no idea which theory was right; we'd only been on planet for a couple of weeks. And from a distance, all the fanties looked pretty much the same. And up close, as we quickly discovered, they smelled horrible. â€Å"Does everything on this planet smell like crap?† Gretchen whispered to me as we glanced up at the fanties. They waved back and forth, ever so slightly, as they slept standing on their legs. As if to answer her question, one of the fanties closest to where we were hiding let rip a monumental fart. We gagged and giggled equally. â€Å"Shhhh,† Enzo said. He and Magdy were crouched behind another tall bush a couple of meters over from us, just short of the clearing where the fantie herd had decided to rest for the night. There were about a dozen of them, all sleeping and farting under the stars. Enzo didn't seem to be enjoying the visit very much; I think he was worried about us accidentally waking the fanties. This was not a minor concern; fantie legs looked spindly from a distance but up close it was clear they could trample any one of us without too much of a problem, and there were a dozen fanties here. If we woke them up and they panicked, we could end up being pounded into mincemeat. I think he was also still a little sore about the â€Å"exploring tonsils† comment. Magdy, in his usual less-than-charming way, had been digging at Enzo ever since he and I officially started going out. The taunts rose and fell depending on what Magdy's relationship with Gretchen was at the moment. I was guessing at the moment Gretchen had cut him off. Sometimes I thought I needed a graph or maybe a flow chart to understand how the two of them got along. Another one of the fanties let off an epic load of flatulence. â€Å"If we stay here any longer, I'm going to suffocate,† I whispered to Gretchen. She nodded and motioned me to follow her. We snuck over to where Enzo and Magdy were. â€Å"Can we go now?† Gretchen whispered to Magdy. â€Å"I know you're probably enjoying the smell, but the rest of us are about to lose dinner. And we've been gone long enough that someone might start wondering where we went.† â€Å"In a minute,† Magdy said. â€Å"I want to get closer to one.† â€Å"You're joking,† Gretchen said. â€Å"We've come this far,† Magdy said. â€Å"You really are an idiot sometimes, you know that?† Gretchen said. â€Å"You don't just go walking up to a herd of wild animals and say hello. They'll kill you.† â€Å"They're asleep,† Magdy said. â€Å"They won't be if you walk right into the middle of them,† Gretchen said. â€Å"I'm not that stupid,† Magdy said, his whispered voice becoming louder the more irritated he became. He pointed to the one closest to us. â€Å"I just want to get closer to that one. It's not going to be a problem. Stop worrying.† Before Gretchen could retort Enzo put his hand up to quiet them both. â€Å"Look,† he said, and pointed halfway down the clearing. â€Å"One of them is waking up.† â€Å"Oh, wonderful,† Gretchen said. The fantie in question shook its head and then lifted it, spreading the tentacles on its trunk wide. It waved them back and forth. â€Å"What's it doing?† I asked Enzo. He shrugged. He was no more an expert on fanties than I was. It waved its tentacles some more, in a wider arc, and then it came to me what it was doing. It was smelling something. Something that shouldn't be there. The fantie bellowed, not from its trunk like an elephant, but from its mouth. All the other fanties were instantly awake and bellowing, and beginning to move. I looked over to Gretchen. Oh, crap, I mouthed. She nodded, and looked back over at the fanties. I looked over at Magdy, who had made himself suddenly very small. I don't think he wanted to get any closer now. The fantie closest to us wheeled about and scraped against the bush we were hiding behind. I heard the thud of its foot as the animal maneuvered itself into a new position. I decided it was time to move but my body overruled me, since it wasn't giving me control of my legs. I was frozen in place, squatting behind a bush, waiting for my trampling. Which never came. A second later the fantie was gone, run off in the same direction as the rest of its herd: away from us. Magdy popped up from his crouching position, and listened to the herd rumbling off in the distance. â€Å"All right,† he said. â€Å"What just happened?† â€Å"I thought they smelled us for sure,† I said. â€Å"I thought they'd found us.† â€Å"I told you you were an idiot,† Gretchen said to Magdy. â€Å"If you'd been out there when they woke up, we'd be scooping what was left of you into a bucket.† The two of them started sniping at each other; I turned to look at Enzo, who had turned to face the opposite direction from where the fanties had run. He had his eyes closed but it looked like he was concentrating on something. â€Å"What is it?† I asked. He opened his eyes, looked at me, and then pointed in the direction he was facing. â€Å"The breeze is coming from this direction,† he said. â€Å"Okay,† I said. I wasn't following him. â€Å"Have you ever gone hunting?† Enzo asked. I shook my head. â€Å"We were upwind of the fanties,† he said. â€Å"The wind was blowing our scent away from them.† He pointed to where the first fantie to wake up had been. â€Å"I don't think that fantie would have smelled us at all.† Click. â€Å"Okay,† I said. â€Å"Now I get it.† Enzo turned to Magdy and Gretchen. â€Å"Guys,† he said. â€Å"It's time to leave. Now.† Magdy flashed his pocket light at Enzo and seemed ready to say something sarcastic, then caught the expression on Enzo's face in the pocket light's circle. â€Å"What is it?† â€Å"The fanties didn't run off because of us,† Enzo said. â€Å"I think there's something else out there. Something that hunts the fanties. And I think it's coming this way.† It's a cliche of horror entertainments to have teenagers lost in the woods, imagining they're being chased by something horrible that's right behind them. And now I know why. If you ever want to feel like you're on the verge of total, abject bowel-releasing terror, try making your way a klick or two out of a forest, at night, with the certain feeling you're being hunted. It makes you feel alive, it really does, but not in a way you want to feel alive. Magdy was in the lead, of course, although whether he was leading because he knew the way back or just because he was running fast enough that the rest of us had to chase him was up for debate. Gretchen and I followed, and Enzo took up the rear. Once I slowed down to check on him and he waved me off. â€Å"Stay with Gretchen,† he said. Then I realized that he was intentionally staying behind us so whatever might be following us would have to get through him first. I would have kissed him right then if I hadn't been a quivering mess of adrenaline, desperately running to get home. â€Å"Through here,† Magdy said to us. He pointed at an irregular natural path that I recognized as being the one we used to get into the forest in the first place. I was focusing on getting on that path and then something stepped in behind Gretchen and grabbed me. I screamed. There was a bang, followed by a muffled thump, followed by a shout. Ezno launched himself at what grabbed at me. A second later he was on the forest floor, Dickory's knife at his throat. It took me longer than it should have to recognize who it was holding the knife. â€Å"Dickory!† I yelled. â€Å"Stop!† Dickory paused. â€Å"Let him go,† I said. â€Å"He's no danger to me.† Dickory removed the knife and stepped away from Enzo. Enzo scrambled away from Dickory, and away from me. â€Å"Hickory?† I called. â€Å"Is everything all right?† From ahead, I heard Hickory's voice. â€Å"Your friend had a handgun. I have disarmed him.† â€Å"He's choking me!† Magdy said. â€Å"If Hickory wanted to choke you, you wouldn't be able to talk,† I yelled back. â€Å"Let him go, Hickory.† â€Å"I am keeping his handgun,† Hickory said. There was a rustle in the darkness as Magdy picked himself up. â€Å"Fine,† I said. Now that we stopped moving, it was like someone pulled a stopper, and all the adrenaline in my body was falling out from the bottom of my feet. I crouched down to keep from falling over. â€Å"No, not fine,† Magdy said. I saw him emerge out of the gloom, stalking toward me. Dickory interposed itself between me and Magdy. Magdy's stalking came to a quick halt. â€Å"That's my dad's gun. If he finds it missing, I'm dead.† â€Å"What were you doing with the gun in the first place?† Gretchen asked. She had also come back to where I was standing, Hickory following behind her. â€Å"I told you I was prepared,† Magdy said, and then turned to me. â€Å"You need to tell your bodyguards that they need to be more careful.† He pointed at Hickory. â€Å"I almost took off that one's head.† â€Å"Hickory?† I said. â€Å"I was not in any serious danger,† Hickory said, blandly. His attention seemed elsewhere. â€Å"I want my gun back,† Magdy said. I think he was trying for threatening; he failed when his voice cracked. â€Å"Hickory will give you your dad's gun back when we get back to the village,† I said. I felt a fatigue headache coming on. â€Å"Now,† Magdy said. â€Å"For God's sake, Magdy,† I snapped. I was suddenly very tired, and angry. â€Å"Will you please just shut up about your damn gun. You're lucky you didn't kill one of us with it. And you're lucky you didn't hit one of them† – I waved at Dickory and then Hickory – â€Å"because then you would be dead, and the rest of us would have to explain how it happened. So just shut up about the stupid gun. Shut up and let's go home.† Magdy stared at me, then stomped off into the gloom, toward the village. Enzo gave me a strange look and then followed his friend. â€Å"Perfect,† I said, and squeezed my temples with my hands. The monster headache I was on the verge of had arrived, and it was a magnificent specimen. â€Å"We should return to the village,† Hickory said to me. â€Å"You think?† I said, and then stood up and stomped off, away from it and Dickory, back to the village. Gretchen, suddenly left with my two bodyguards for company, was not far behind me. â€Å"I don't want one word of what happened tonight to get back to John and Jane,† I said to Hickory, as it, Dickory and I stood in the common area of the village. At this time of night there were only a couple of other people who were loitering there, and they quickly disappeared when Hickory and Dickory showed up. Two weeks had not been enough time for people to get used to them. We had the common area to ourselves. â€Å"As you say,† Hickory said. â€Å"Thank you,† I said, and started walking away from them again, toward the tent I shared with my parents. â€Å"You should not have been in the woods,† Hickory said. That stopped me. I turned around to face Hickory. â€Å"Excuse me?† I said. â€Å"You should not have been in the woods,† Hickory said. â€Å"Not without our protection.† â€Å"We had protection,† I said, and some part of my brain didn't believe those words had actually come out of my mouth. â€Å"Your protection was a handgun wielded by someone who did not know how to use it,† Hickory said. â€Å"The bullet he fired went into the ground less than thirty centimeters from him. He almost shot himself in the foot. I disarmed him because he was a threat to himself, not to me.† â€Å"I'll be sure to tell him that,† I said. â€Å"But it doesn't matter. I don't need your permission, Hickory, to do what I please. You and Dickory aren't my parents. And your treaty doesn't say you can tell me what to do.† â€Å"You are free to do as you will,† Hickory said. â€Å"But you took an unnecessary risk to yourself, both by going into the forest and by not informing us of your intent.† â€Å"That didn't stop you from coming in after me,† I said. It came out like an accusation, because I was in an accusatory mood. â€Å"No,† Hickory said. â€Å"So you took it on yourself to follow me around when I didn't give you permission to do so,† I said. â€Å"Yes,† Hickory said. â€Å"Don't do that again,† I said. â€Å"I know privacy is an alien concept to you, but sometimes I don't want you around. Can you understand that? You† – I pointed at Dickory – â€Å"nearly cut my boyfriend's throat tonight. I know you don't like him, but that's a little much.† â€Å"Dickory would not have harmed Enzo,† Hickory said. â€Å"Enzo doesn't know that,† I said, and turned back to Dickory. â€Å"And what if he had gotten in a good hit on you? You might have hurt him just to keep him down. I don't need this kind of protection. And I don't want it.† Hickory and Dickory stood there silently, soaking up my anger. After a couple of seconds, I got bored with this. â€Å"Well?† I said. â€Å"You were running out of the forest when you came by us,† Hickory said. â€Å"Yeah? So?† I said. â€Å"We thought we might be being chased by something. Something spooked the fanties we were watching and Enzo thought it might have been a predator or something. It was a false alarm. There was nothing behind us or else it would have caught up with us when you two leaped out of nowhere and scared the crap out of all of us.† â€Å"No,† Hickory said. â€Å"No? You didn't scare the crap out of us?† I said. â€Å"I beg to differ.† â€Å"No,† Hickory said. â€Å"You were being followed.† â€Å"What are you talking about?† I said. â€Å"There was nothing behind us.† â€Å"They were in the trees,† Hickory said. â€Å"They were pacing you from above. Moving ahead of you. We heard them before we heard you.† I felt weak. â€Å"Them?† I said. â€Å"It is why we took you as soon as we heard you coming,† Hickory said. â€Å"To protect you.† â€Å"What were they?† I asked. â€Å"We don't know,† Hickory said. â€Å"We did not have the time to make any good observation. And we believe your friend's gunshot scared them off.† â€Å"So it wasn't necessarily something hunting us,† I said. â€Å"It could have been anything.† â€Å"Perhaps,† Hickory said, in that studiously neutral way it had when it didn't want to disagree with me. â€Å"Whatever they were, they were moving along with you and your group.† â€Å"Guys, I'm tired,† I said, because I didn't want to think about any of this anymore, and if I did think about it anymore – about the idea that some pack of creatures was following us in the trees – I might have a collapse right there in the common area. â€Å"Can we have this conversation tomorrow?† â€Å"As you wish, Zoe,† Hickory said. â€Å"Thank you,† I said, and started shuffling off toward my cot. â€Å"And remember what I said about not telling my parents.† â€Å"We will not tell your parents,† Hickory said. â€Å"And remember what I said about not following me,† I said. They said nothing to this. I waved at them tiredly and went off to sleep. I found Enzo outside his family's tent the next morning, reading a book. â€Å"Wow, a real book,† I said. â€Å"Who did you kill to get that?† â€Å"I borrowed it from one of the Mennonite kids,† he said. He showed the spine to me. â€Å"Huckleberry Finn. You heard of it?† â€Å"You're asking a girl from a planet named Huckleberry if she's heard of Huckleberry Finn,† I said. I hoped the incredulous tone of my voice would convey amusement. Apparently not. â€Å"Sorry,† he said. â€Å"I didn't make the connection.† He flipped the book open to where he had been reading. â€Å"Listen,† I said. â€Å"I wanted to thank you. For what you did last night.† Enzo looked up over his book. â€Å"I didn't do anything last night.† â€Å"You stayed behind Gretchen and me,† I said. â€Å"You put yourself between us and whatever was following us. I just wanted you to know I appreciated it.† Enzo shrugged. â€Å"Not that there was anything following us after all,† he said. I thought about telling him about what Hickory told me, but kept it in. â€Å"And when something did come out at you, it was ahead of me. So I wasn't much help, actually.† â€Å"Yeah, about that,† I said. â€Å"I wanted to apologize for that. For the thing with Dickory.† I didn't really know how to put that. I figured saying Sorry for when my alien bodyguard very nearly took your head off with a knife wouldn't really go over well. â€Å"Don't worry about it,† Enzo said. â€Å"I do worry about it,† I said. â€Å"Don't,† Enzo said. â€Å"Your bodyguard did its job.† For a second it seemed like Enzo would say something more, but then he cocked his head and looked at me like he was waiting for me to wrap up whatever it was I was doing, so he could get back to his very important book. It suddenly occurred to me that Enzo hadn't written me any poetry since we landed on Roanoke. â€Å"Well, okay then,† I said, lamely. â€Å"I guess I'll see you a little later, then.† â€Å"Sounds good,† Enzo said, and then gave me a friendly wave and put his nose into Huck Finn's business. I walked back to my tent and found Babar inside and went over to him and gave him a hug. â€Å"Congratulate me, Babar,† I said. â€Å"I think I just had my first fight with my boyfriend.† Babar licked my face. That made it a little better. But not much.

Masculinity in the Philippines - 12625 Words

philippine studies Ateneo de Manila University †¢ Loyola Heights, Quezon City †¢ 1108 Philippines Philippine Commonwealth and Cult of Masculinity Alfred W. Mccoy Philippine Studies vol. 48, no. 3 (2000): 315–346 Copyright  © Ateneo de Manila University Philippine Studies is published by the Ateneo de Manila University. Contents may not be copied or sent via email or other means to multiple sites and posted to a listserv without the copyright holder’s written permission. Users may download and print articles for individual, noncommercial use only. However, unless prior permission has been obtained, you may not download an entire issue of a journal, or download multiple copies of articles. Please contact the publisher for any further use of†¦show more content†¦If we accept what one historian has called the emancipated status of Filipino women in the 19th century, then the prewar nationalist movement, with its rhetoric of militarism and male empowerment, may have skewed the gender balance within the Philippine polity. In a Malay society with a legacy of gender equality-bilateral kinship, matrilocal marri age, and gender-neutral pronouns-this aspect of nationalism seems socially retrogressive. Understandably, postwar historians have overlooked this glorification of masculinity and military valor in their sympathetic studies of prewar Filipino nationalism. Nonetheless, mass conscription shaped gender roles in the first half of the 20th century and fostered a rhetoric that pervaded Philippine politics in its second half. In deploying Europes cult of masculinity to support mass conscription, the Commonwealth introduced a new element into the countrys political culture. Indeed, this engendered social order-propagated through conscription, education, and mass media-fostered imagery that would shape Philippine politics at key transitional moments in the latter decades of the 20th century. For well over half the fifty plus years since independence, the Philippines has been ruled by presidents who won office with claims of martial valor and then governed in a military manner. COMMONWEALTH A N D MASCULINITY The Philippine acceptance of this Euro-American model of masculinity provides strong evidence of the paradigmsShow MoreRelatedPhilippines Annexation and US Masculinity1258 Words   |  5 Pagesthe country at that moment in time, the American government wanted to prove their superiority among other emerging nations and in doing so chose to colonize and annex nations such as the Philippines. Primary resources indicated that the annexation of the Philippines was indeed motivated by the lack of masculinity that was felt by the American government at the time (Hollitz, 2010). Gender roles in the United States were at a point where their stereotypical reputations were changing and women wereRead MorePhilippines And Indi Hofstedes Cultural Dimensions1442 Words   |  6 PagesPhilippines and India: Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions According to MindTools.com, psychologist Dr. Geert Hofstede aimed to understand cultures and cultural differences 1970s when he began to decades of research and thousands of interviews. What emerged was is an internationally recognized standard model of cultural dimensions. Hofstede analyzed the results of his research and found clear patterns of similarity and difference amid the responses along these five dimensions. There are five mainRead MoreAnalysis Of Thinking Through The Past By John Hollitz1789 Words   |  8 Pagesstudy shall revolve around the debate, which took place over Philippines, and significance of gender in such controversy. There shall be some views highlighted given by Kristin L. Hoganson on gender concerns. Role played by gender in the debate over the Philippines The primary source encompasses a chapter that reflects upon male degeneracy in a debate over Philippines. There are numerous incidents that had taken place surrounding Philippines as indicated in U.S. history. The primary source editor JohnRead MoreAn Overview Of Geert Hofstede Developed The First Empirical Model Of Dimensions Of National Culture996 Words   |  4 PagesNovember 2014 Introduction Geert Hofstede developed the first empirical model of ‘dimensions’ of national culture. He was recognised internationally for the model that includes Power Distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs collectivism and Masculinity vs Femininity. The Dimension of Hofstede that is the basis of this report is uncertainty avoidance. Uncertainty Avoidance is how society reacts to an unusual situation in a feared or fearless way, it demonstrates the truth of that society (referRead MoreHofstede’s Cultural Dimensions1107 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen done by Geert Hofstede. His empirical studies of work-related values have been extended to 74 countries. He has identified five major dimensions along which cultural values vary: high vs. low power distance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, uncertainty avoidance vs. uncertainty acceptance, and short-term vs. long-term orientation. The aim is not to use these cultural generalisations to stereotype and to suggest that cultural groups are all the same or will notRead MoreSociocultural Aspects in the United States that Affect Verizon-MCI905 Words   |  4 Pagesconsists of Australia, Canada, United States, United Kingdom, Ireland, and South Africa. The company’s cultural cluster, for its global environment, China, is with the Far Eastern countries. This cluster includes China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, and the Philippines. These cultural clusters approaches are based on the countries’ geographic similarities. They are grouped together depending on the location of the people in the world. Each cluster demonstrates differences within each cluster, as well as, differencesRead MoreMilitary History / Book Review The Rough Riders Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pagesinvolved in the United States Army as a Major General. He began his military career as an army doctor. Fought in the Spanish-American War and Phi lippine-American War. When Roosevelt chose to organize the Rough Riders he composed of it with the best man, looking at certain qualities from each. Roosevelt looked for qualities that outstayed men s masculinity, he believed that this would create the best group of soldiers. He was very selective when choosing them so they can be physically and mentallyRead MoreGay, Lesbian, And Queer Essays On Popular Culture909 Words   |  4 Pagesresearch because it tells of the South, where religion was strict and people were vicious. This is the perfect book to get a little background as to why African American are believed to be homophobic. Lemelle, Anthony J., and Juan Battle. Black Masculinity Matters in Attitudes Toward Gay Males. Journal of Homosexuality 47.1 (2004): 39-51. The Haworth Press, 2004. Web. 13 Apr. 2016. This book displays great detail on the reasoning on the hatred for gays in the black community and why they feel itRead MoreEssay On Behind Every Great Women1650 Words   |  7 Pagesresponsibilities, there is often issues (Peng and Wong). These men feel their masculinity is threatened since they are doing a â€Å"woman’s† work and are not the breadwinners (Peng and Wong). Often, men will pass the caregiving role to relatives (Parrenas 49). In Sri Lanka, men whose wives have emigrated and taken on the role of the breadwinner, attempt to regain their masculinity by drinking, which is a symbol of masculinity (Gamburd 193). This creates a problem for the woman though. For example, whileRead MoreGeert Hofstedes Dimensions of Culture1303 Words   |  6 Pagesto protect them in exchange for unquestioning loyalty.† (H ofstede, 1994, p. 51) Masculinity (MAS) focuses on the degree to which ‘masculine’ values like competitiveness and the acquisition of wealth are valued over ‘feminine’ values like relationship building and quality of life. A High Masculinity ranking indicates the soc iety values assertive and aggressive masculine traits . A Low Masculinity ranking typifies societies in which nurturing and caring feminine charac teristics

Essay North American Natives - 2521 Words

The early natives of North America can be divided between six different regions that they lived in. The regions were easily designated by the different environmental conditions and resources found in those areas. The regions were known as the Eastern Woodlands, the Plains, the Southwest, the Northwest Coast, the Arctic and the Sub-Arctic. Each region provided a different set of challenges that help shape the people that lived there (Harcourt, 2009). In order to survive prior to the arrival of the European settlers the native people of North America had to adapt to their environment and use what it could provide or they would parish. Each region provided what the people needed in many different forms. If the people were able to adapt†¦show more content†¦Women were very important in Iroquois society. Women selected the chiefs and could become council members as well If the women did not like a decision that the men made they could reverse that decision (Cipriano, 200 3). The women also took care of the farming and the men would go out to fish and hunt. The Iroquois were able to get their food from and mixture of hunting, gathering and growing their own food. Over half of their diet was made up of the animals and fish they got hunting and fishing. So it was important for them to live near the rivers and lakes and also have an understanding of the forest. Without those sources of food they might not have survived. But they did grow food to eat and it consisted of maize, beans and squash. They had established a pattern of using a field until it was no longer fertile and would slash and burn the next field. They would follow this pattern until the fields were so far away that they had to move the village so it would be close to the fields again (Oswalt, 2005). What the forest could provide led the Iroquois to invent Lacrosse and at times they would play it all day. They used the natural resources around them, they used hickory for their sticks and a made a ball from the hair and leather of a deer (Cipriano, 2003). The forest provided most of what the Iroquois needed to eat and also provided the means for them to play. It also provided themShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of North American Colonization On Native Americans909 Words   |  4 Pagescollaborating with Native Americans, some much severe than others. Furthermore, the impact of North American colonization affected not only Britain and the Natives, but all of Europe as well. Jamestown, Virginia settled in 1607 with the ambition of extracting wealth form the land, whether by collecting gold or farming and selling harvests. These settlers were rich, powerful gentlemen who traveled across the sea to America in search of easy riches. They arrived amid a group of Native Americans called theRead MoreNative North Americans : Justification For Indians1545 Words   |  7 Pages Native North Americans: Justification for Indians   Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout the history of America many people, and even countries have helped create the government and all the cities to be what they are today.   Without those who traveled here in the 15th, and 16th century many of us wouldn’t be here now; living free, and comfortably with many jobs and opportunities for ourselves. With greatness there is always a downfall, but because we worship and thank early settlers we do not pay much mind to those whoRead MoreNative Americans Of North Carolina Essay1021 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican Indians had been living in North Carolina for at least 9,500 years before European explorers first encountered them in the 1520s. For the past several decades an increasing number of Americans have been identifying as American Indians. For centuries before European contact, these native people lived in harmony with the natural environment, taking no more from the land than they needed to survive. Of all the states in the Union, North C arolina has witnessed the largest increase in NativeRead MoreNative American Indians North Of Mexico1694 Words   |  7 Pagesare the natives of New Jersey and were around well before any of the explorers or our ancestors came to the area. They had a society rich of culture, traditions, beliefs and customs. They are one of the largest Indian tribes on the east coast, containing three primary divisions or clans. Frederick Hodge (1907) worked for the Bureau of American Ethnology and has done extensive research on the topic of Native Americans. Hodge compiled a detailed reference book called The Handbook of American IndiansRead MoreNative American Tribe Of North America2123 Words   |  9 PagesWashington, Florida, and Amherst all have one thing in common: they have a mascot or name that is affiliated with a Native American tribe of North America. In recent years, more and more citizens have become concerned with political correctness and trying to change the world so that oppressed groups can finally feel respected and recognized. There is always much debate surrounding changing mascots, as some parties seek to move the country forward, while others fight for their traditions. With anRead MoreNative Americans Of The North Dakota Access Pipeline Essay1907 Words   |  8 PagesNative Americans tend to experience a majority of the corruption. More often than those of which are not considered a minority. For example, Native Americans should have an inherent right to protection within the country in which they live. Construction of the North Dakota Access Pipeline that started in September of 2016, has given supreme notice to the corruption that still surrounds Native Americans today. Natives of Dakota followed the European laws that were forced upon them and in turn wereRead MoreNative American Tribes From Western North America1861 Words   |  8 PagesThe Native American tribes populated different regions of America, causing them to adapt to different ways of l ife while nonetheless still sharing some similar practices. The Chinook tribe from Western North America, the Comanche tribe from the Great Plains, and the Cherokee tribe from Eastern North America had some differences and similarities in economic development, social diversification, and lifestyle. The Chinook, Comanche, and Cherokee tribes each had different ways of acquiring food. TheRead MoreEssay on Northwest Coast Tribal Art1361 Words   |  6 Pageswould allow him to transform into a sea bear. Alikwamae went back to his village and was able to transform, heal the sick and injured, predict the future, and interpret dreams. (www.montclairartmuseum.org) The bear is an important figure in Native American art. It is a symbol of strength, power, humility, motherhood, teaching, dreaming, and healing. Northwest Coast tribes very much appreciate bears because they possess human-like characteristics. Northwest Coast tribes depict bears in their artworkRead MoreEssay about Peyote and Native American Culture1763 Words   |  8 PagesPeyote and Native American Culture Peyote was originally described in 1560, however it was not until the middle of the nineteenth century that botanists were able to conduct field research and correctly classify the cactus (Anderson, 1980). Field studies have concluded that there are two distinct populations of peyote which represent two species. The first and most common, Lophophora williamsii extends from southern Texas reaching south to the Mexican state of San Luis Potosi. The second and leastRead MoreThe Colonization Of Europeans Into The North America1555 Words   |  7 Pagescolonization of Europeans into the North America had considerable impacts on the Native American lives. European empire at the time, such as the French, England and Spanish empires, often fought against each other for power and control. After the European tried to colonized, the Native American suddenly found themselves dealing with European power politics. The arrival of Europeans into the New World meant new political relationships for b oth the European and the Native Americans. Each side had thing to gain

The Journey Of Fighting The Addiction For Addicts - 869 Words

The journey of fighting the addiction for addicts is not only against the chemical drugs or the addiction behaviors, but also against the judgment from the people and the community against the addicts. As MateÃŒ  (2010) states â€Å"were to judge according to ethics and human feeling, we would find the ware abhorrent† (p. 287). The people who are making this war do not see that this war is against the addicts not against the addiction. If they will not change their strategies on this war, they are going to lose or fail again. Actually, according to the national and international statistics and the amount of the money spending on the drugs war â€Å"billions† prove that this war against drugs has been failed. â€Å"If the war’s purpose is to protect people and communities or to improve their quality of life, it fails disastrously† (MateÃŒ , 2010, p. 290). These results have to be also a sign for the people who are in charge to change the strategies that they are following to get success. They need to follow the scientific recommendations of the researches and researchers in this field to achieve more progress. Some people during the war against the drug consider it also as a war against the criminal behaviors, but according to MateÃŒ  (2010) â€Å"drugs do not make the addict into a criminal; the law does† (p 293). This is because the negative effects of the drugs do not come from the addicts, as MateÃŒ  (2010) states â€Å"most of the social harm related to drugs does not come from the effects of theShow MoreRelatedHeroin Addiction Essay1377 Words   |  6 PagesHeroin Addiction Heroin addicts have the psychological dependence on heroin that leads them into the state of self-destruction and the possibility of leading to death by the extreme use of heroin. Never estimate the poppy flower for its power that withholds the fiends to their mentality enduring the euphoria enslavement of the mind that contained for many centuries. The heroin addiction nation is a self numbing injection and dry approach to have the mind under the state of the greatest feeling ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol And Drugs On Children1513 Words   |  7 Pagesmake sense. Then when I came to the United States, I have seen pastors, athletes, famous entertainers being overdosed with drugs and or alcohol. When someone has an addiction problem, I usually see them as weak minded, losers, school drop-out, lazy and unemployed. I think of them as not having the willpower to end their addiction and as such I have little or no sympathy for them. I then started asking questions such as: Is thi s behavior a creature of habit? Or is it an innate or inborn behaviorRead MoreCory Monteith Was Born On May 11, 1982, And Died July 13,919 Words   |  4 Pagesan easy childhood. He had social difficulties at school. From the age 13, he started to use drugs. He went to 16 different schools including alternative programs for troubled teens. Over the month his addiction increased and he even started stealing from his friends and family to fund his addiction. His mother and a group of close friends staged an intervention when he was 19, he began attending a rehabilitation program. He was lucky to have lots of people how to care about him. Cory began his actingRead MoreBeautiful Boy1525 Words   |  7 Pagesdown memory lane to the beginning of his life with his first wife who gives birth to his son Nic. From the beginning of the book I think that David blames himself for Nic’s addiction. Throughout the book David questions himself about some of the things that he did with Nic as a young child and when he was fully into his addiction. Some key questions that came out was during the divorce proceedings was he being selfish in the fact that he wanted Nic to live with him or did he truly want this or wasRead MoreThe First Time I Watched The Movie â€Å"Flight† It Was Strictly1457 Words   |  6 Pagessuggests that he has developed a tolerance of his substances of choice to the extent that they don’t impact him as much. The fact that he can do his job even in treacherous conditions and under the influence was something I gave a lot to. This type of addict is likely one that isn’t easily rehabilitated because while those who are struggling and not functioning properly can rationalize why they need to stop, Whip was content to continue the way he is because he still functioned well enough to have hisRead MoreFinding A Meeting At Fit My Schedule2078 Words   |  9 Pagesto attend. I decided to attend the overeater anonymous; this was the only meeting that was open and accommodating to fit my sched ule. My motivation to attend this meeting was to have an understanding of what other people are facing when they are fighting an addictive behavior or habit. When I listened to people talking about their issues and their experiences of t overeating; or how they maintain their diet or prevent the problem from re-occurring. I will have a willingness to change my own dietRead MoreSubstance Abuse Throughout Nursing : An Overview2377 Words   |  10 Pagesoften lack the early and daily support they need to fight against the temptations of addiction, but also the support necessary to pursue help and to obtain the treatment they need. Substance abuse in the medical field is not something which affects merely the nurse with the disease, but it also affects those in their care and the quality of care they provide. The American Psychiatric Association (2000) defined addiction as, â€Å"a condition in which the body must have a drug to avoid physical and psychologicalRead MoreSummary of Drinking, a Love Story2443 Words   |  10 PagesPart I: A. Introduction: Drinking, A Love Story, Written by Caroline Knapp: Is an insider’s story about fighting the battle of alcoholism and addiction, victoriously winning sobriety. Caroline Knapp fought her addiction for 20 years before becoming sober. â€Å"The Drink† as she called it, was her true love. The most beloved form being a good crisp dry white wine, but any form would do. She fell in love with alcohol at a young age and loved everything about it. The smell, the sound of a cork beingRead MoreMy Journey Into Self Discovery1035 Words   |  5 Pagesupon this blog in hopes of finding some powerful words of wisdom, you took a wrong turn. After 41 years, I find myself with even more questions and all the wrong answers. I am not here to enlighten or educate anyone. I m here to talk, to share my journey into self-discovery. So here s an overview of my life up to now. I was born in Barstow, California to a free-spirited, free-thinking, multi-talented artist father and a breath-taking, tragic beauty of a mother. Neither one should have ever hadRead MoreFacebook And The Impact On Society2322 Words   |  10 Pageshard to realize that addiction to Facebook is on the rise. Most of these Facebook addicts exist in our generation, mainly the high school and college age groups. There are many different factors to why Facebook is extremely popular among this age group. For example, Facebook allows its users to meet new acquaintances while staying connected with old acquaintances. It is also a convenient way of sharing experiences with others, while at the same time being able to see what journeys their friends and

English the Most Amazing Subject Free Essays

English Class 8 Task 1 Reading exercise Read the novel, ‘The Boy in The Striped Pyjamas’ by John Boyne; Chapters 1- 4 Focus on: †¢ What themes are explored in the first four chapters? †¢ The relationship between Bruno and Maria. Task 2 Speaking and Listening Prepare a 2 minute talk to your class about something that really irritates you. It does not necessarily require a very formal language. We will write a custom essay sample on English the Most Amazing Subject or any similar topic only for you Order Now Follow the steps below: 1. Decide on a topic. It’s always best to talk about things you actually know about and to express feelings you really have. . Structure your talk. It may be brief, but it still requires: †¢ An opening in which you quickly grab the audience’s attention and let them know what you’re going to talk about. †¢ A main body in which you give a couple of reasons or ideas to support your point. †¢ A conclusion in which you leave the listeners with a memorable phrase. Task 3 Grammar Practice adverbs and adjectives using the following websites: †¢ http://www. schoolexpress. com/fws/cat. php? id=2287 †¢ http://sites. google. com/site/jostombaugh/adjectivesadverbs Task 4 Spelling Learn the spellings of the following words: 1. Autumn 2. Knowledge 3. Development 4. Embarrass 5. Definite 6. Audible 7. Concentration 8. Assessment 9. Accommodation 10. Diamond 11. Beginning 12. Height 13. Queue 14. Business 15. Beneath 16. Tomorrow 17. Jealous 18. Questionnaire 19. Issue 20. Atmosphere 21. Continuous 22. Marriage 23. Imaginary 24. Improvise 25. Miscellaneous 26. Happened 27. Process 28. February 29. Forty 30. Separate 31. Straight 32. Success 33. Reference 34. Technique 35. Conscience 36. Murmur 37. Diary 38. Design 39. Column 40. Weird 41. Listening 42. Montague 43. Mantua 44. Capulet 45. Shakespeare 46. Idolatry 47. Adversaries 48. Nuptial 49. Forfeit 50. Foreshadowing 51. Shroud 52. Apothecary 53. Tybalt 54. Abram 55. Balthasar 56. Rosaline 57. Cemetery 58. Epitaph 59. Exile 60. Enmity ———————– NOTE: †¢ Students will be assessed on the given tasks when they return to school. †¢ Any queries regarding these tasks should be addressed to: farihahaq@hotmail. com How to cite English the Most Amazing Subject, Papers

Sports Marketing Brand Equity in Professional Soccer

Question: 1. Choosing and identifying the organisation - Choose Manchester United as the organisation and write a small description about the "vision, mission" in 60-70 words. 2. Write about the segments not targeted by Manchester United. i.e, Demographical, Geographical , Age, Gender etc. 100-120 3. Targeting of your organisation should which segments are chosen from the second question and which strategy is to be applied and with reasoning. 150-200 words. 4. Positioning of the organisation is to be explained in brief. Answer: Introduction Manchester United The chosen club in this topic is Manchester United Football Club. It is a professional football club at Old Trafford, Great Manchester, England. It is one of the most reputed clubs in England and is nicknamed as Great Devils (Masterman 2014). Mission and Vision of Manchester United Football Club Mission of Manchester United The mission of Manchester United FC is to be the best soccer club and team on and off the football ground. It aims at making it an international brand by providing a correct mix of business practices and maintenance of a quality team (Funk et al. 2016). Vision of Manchester united Football Club The vision of Manchester United Football Club is related with becoming the best football club both on and off the pitch by indulging in ethical business practices (Masterman 2014). Market Segmentation of Manchester United FC Demographic Manchester United FC practices demographic segmentation. They are available to people of all ethnic background, age and gender. The tickets of the games of the club are available to all types of people without any reservations. Geography Manchester United is the most popular football club across the globe. It has more than 659 million fans across the globe. Therefore, it is available all over the world. Some of the countries are beyond the target segmentation of the club. Some countries like China, Russia, India, Nigeria and Vietnam are beyond the target segmentation of the club. China has very low fan following of the club, where only 8% of the total population are estimated to be followers of the club. Indias population comprises of only 2.8% of Manchester United fans and followers (Funk et al. 2016). Based on such low following of the club, these segments are not targeted by the club. Age The club aims at age category of 15 and above people. The club does not usually target people below the age of 15 years and people above the age category of 65 are usually not targeted. However, the club is a household name for all age categories of people. Gender Manchester United Football Club aims at men of 15 and above. The club does not majorly target female for market segmentation. However, the demographic segmentation is open for fans belonging to all gender. Strategies for segmentation Manchester United will attempt to expand its markets in countries where the following of the club is low. International marketing is one of the most important concepts, which the club will try to focus on. Certain strategies can be utilized for segmentation. Utilize social media and mobile marketing opportunities The club can utilize digital media as the platform for expanding market in other countries. Use of mobile application and sites can be used for promoting the merchandize and the market of the club in other countries. The popularity of social media has transcended the sky and social media has a growing popularity among people. Therefore, it can be used for expanding the market of the club in countries like China, India, Russia and Nigeria (Funk et al. 2016). Improvise the chances of broadcasting rights on a global platform Many countries do not have the broadcast international club football matches. As a result, the club does not find have high fan following in such countries. If the club gets broadcasting rights in such countries, then the matches can be telecasted in these countries and they will be able to develop fan following in such countries. Digital viewing on internet and phones will help the cause (Masterman 2014). Enhance distribution channel The club should improve the distribution channel. They should improve the wholesale, retail and e-commerce channel. This will help the club to make it product available in the market and develop a strong fan following in these countries. The availability of merchandize will help the club develop a strong customer base. Positioning of the organization Manchester United deals in high quality goods at high price. It has a brand image because of the massive fan following. Chelsea FC deals in comparatively less quality product at a comparatively less price to Manchester United merchandize. Arsenal FC deals in poor quality merchandize and product at very low price. Liverpool FC deals in moderately good quality goods at low price. Therefore, Manchester United is in a superior position compared to the competitors since it is the most famous l football club in the world (Biscaia et al. 2013). Conclusion It can concluded form the report that Manchester United is the most famous football club in the world with a fan following around 659 million fans around the world. They have to stress on digital marketing in order to expand their market in countries where their fan following is low. Their target market is predominantly males of above 15 years of age. They enjoy competitive advantage in terms of positioning, Reference List Biscaia, R., Correia, A., Ross, S., Rosado, A. and Maroco, J., 2013. Spectator-based brand equity in professional soccer.Sport Marketing Quarterly,22(1), p.20. Funk, D.C., Alexandris, K. and McDonald, H., 2016.Sport Consumer Behaviour: Marketing Strategies. Routledge. Masterman, G., 2014.Strategic sports event management. Routledge. Mullin, B.J., Hardy, S. and Sutton, W., 2014.Sport Marketing 4th Edition. Human Kinetics.